In Uganda, wildlife is protected by the Government on behalf of, and for the benefit of, the people of Uganda (The Uganda Wildlife Act, 2019). The Government of Uganda established Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) under the Uganda Wildlife Act, Cap 200 to manage wildlife in protected areas including National Parks, Wildlife Reserves, Community Wildlife Management Areas, Wildlife Sanctuaries among other areas following strict conservation procedures that limit or entirely exclude human activities. Wildlife is officially managed in gazetted protected areas such as Queen Elizabeth, Semuliki, Lake Mburo, Murchison Falls, Kibale, Mount Elgon, Mgahinga Gorilla, Rwenzori Mountains, Bwindi Impenetrable and Kidepo Valley. Wildlife that strays onto private land can be the impetus for conflicts between the government and private landowners when wildlife compete for resources with livestock or destroy crops on agricultural lands.
Although the Uganda Wildlife Authority has the mandate to manage wildlife outside the protected areas. it does not because it has no control over private lands. Private land and landowners have a right to use their land the way they wish (Ugandan Constitution, 1995). The National Land Use Policy, 2006 cites weakness of policy and legal mechanisms for wildlife conservation outside protected areas. Wildlife on private land is largely unprotected. Wait for the 2rd episode next week.
Wildlife conservation and related management matters are primarily considered a government level responsibility in Uganda. Species management happens through public agencies, which often ignore the role of private landowners for conserving species on their land. Not involving private landowners of private ranches, communal grazing lands and farms in the conservation of wildlife can partly be a driver of human-wildlife conflict and the ultimate decline of wildlife on unprotected lands. By involving private landowners in wildlife conservation matters, wildlife can be better protected when they are on private lands.
Studies in Uganda’s southwest for example show diverse wildlife on private lands as compared to protected lands (Guard, 1991; Averbeck, 2002; Rannestad et al., 2006). A study of dung counts in the tropical savanna ecosystems of Lake Mburo National Park (LMNP) and the adjacent ranchlands in Kiruhura District, Uganda revealed a greater diversity of wild mammals on ranchlands than in protected areas (Nyamukuru, 2019). The grasslands and woodlands inside and outside of the park contained a diversity of mammalian wildlife. The ranchlands had greater diversity and abundance of zebra Equus quagga, eland Taurotragus oryx, impala Aepyceros melampus, waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus, African hare Lepus victoriae, Bush duiker Sylvicapra grimmia, Monkey Cercopithecus aethiops and Hyaena Crocuta crocuta. wait for the next episode two next week
THE MAWANA ELEPHANTS by Lion Expose - March 26, 2024
Mawane reserve, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.
Good News, and sadness and sympathy...
After all we have been through trying to protect this persecuted
herd, prevent them from being culled, and mostly, get help to protect the
communities that live with them.
Extensive networking skills and an ever developing circle of
incredible humans in the specialised field of Elephant and Rhino, whether it be
translocations or educating on coexistence in our rural areas, has had some
real success..
The Good News
In a few short weeks LionExpose has received much support and
interest to try and assist the Mawana Elephants.
The first stages are being discussed and would see the collaring
of three Elephant bulls.
Between several people and two Global NPOS this seems to hold
real possibilities.
A next step will be more, but talks to the three communities
affected and with Farmer Sithole to start looking at the community fences and
where to start to protect their crops and cattle when the elephants come to
their farms as part of their Migratory route.
And later possibly a bee fence project which will be offered,
and again will need a sponsor, but this will attract researchers as there are
literally two PGRS in South Africa doing this and the Bee Fence Researchers
will love to come and study this project.
So we are hoping all goes to plan and that Mawana manage these
issues as they need to be working really hard to keep these Elephants safe in
their range and keep the communities safe and show them care, and be grateful
communities will be happy to try and exist with this wonderful herd and see how
we can make it sustainable.
Thanks go to EKZN for being patient and clearly communicating
with Mawana and thank you Sithole for being open to lots of communication in
this regard.
The sad news.
A young herder was badly injured last week fetching his cows, he
was gored by an elephant, he was really in trauma and is in hospital, and right
now he is doing better but has many months of recovery ahead - he was extremely
lucky to survive.
Mawanas people are visiting him in hospital tomorrow to show him
we will offer him support, and a fund will be started for him.
He will be supported all the way.
It must be noted that Mawanas Elephants have been facing extreme
danger of a cull since 2018 and are still in danger as long as all these issues
exist.
But elephant lovers keep watching and supporting how much work
it is to save elephants that live close to humans and to give them the peace
they deserve and, vitally, to keep our humans safe.
Update
The herd have wondered back into the "Red Area", close to where communities are situated. Tribal leaders are calling for them to be hunted down immediately!!
From tigers in Asia to elephants in Africa, wildlife crimes only seem to make the news when it concerns rare and exotic species and high-value animal parts like rhino horns.
But there’s no need to cross the ocean to find the pervasive and persistent problem of poaching and links to an international black market. Poaching for specific high-demand animal parts to feed the demand of a nefarious underworld of dealers, merchants and buyers is widespread in the U.S., its fingers extending to nearly all parts of the country.
And with any criminal enterprise, it’s the money that supplies the motive. For example, the American black bear has long been poached for its hide, paws, gallbladder, and bile, mainly due to their use in Eastern medicine. (Gallbladder and bile are often used to treat diseases of the heart and kidneys.) Undercover operations have found single dried bear gallbladders fetching as much as $30,000 on the black market.
But it’s not just the American black bear that’s under siege. The horns of ram sheep can sell for more than $20,000 on the black market. The bighorn sheep, which largely resides in the area between the San Jacinto Mountains and the U.S.-Mexico border, has been on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s endangered species list since 1998. Although land development and disease have been the major contributors to the dwindling of this species, poaching is only putting more nails in the coffin. These sheep are usually found in remote areas, making it a challenge for game wardens to patrol and monitor poaching activity.
Shark fins are also highly valued in Eastern cultures, making poaching off the coast of California a major problem, despite the fact that selling or distributing shark fins is illegal under California’s Shark Fin Law. When a great deal of money is at stake, the crimes continue. A single shark fin can sell for $500 in China, where it is used to make shark fin soup, a delicacy. It is estimated that there are more than 100 million shark deaths every year due to shark finning: the practice of catching a shark, slicing off only the coveted fins, then tossing the animal back overboard to die a slow and painful death To read the full article visit: gamewarden.org
We have a serious problem of illegal hunting in the U.S. and the NRA is NOT holding their original standards which was about gun SAFETY AND TRAINING. NRA became the only national trainer of law enforcement officers with the introduction of its NRA Police Firearms Instructor certification program in 1960. In civilian training, the NRA continues to be the leader in firearms education. Over 125,000 certified instructors now train about 1,000,000 gun owners a year. Courses are available in basic rifle, pistol, shotgun, muzzleloading firearms, personal protection, even ammunition reloading. Additionally, nearly 7,000 certified coaches are specially trained to work with young competitive shooters. The focus now is more about fighting for gun rights, money and political power. Safety means nothing to the NRA. By the NRA getting away from their roots has created a very dangerous gun problem in the United States.
Another problem in the U.S. is Texas
Of the 1,525 seizures that FWS recorded at the U.S.-Mexico border from January 2020 to September 11, 2023, more than 85 percent occurred in Texas, accounting for 17,317 animals and exotic animal parts—such as a South African ostrich and shark bones. Learn more here:
The biggest organization that is a threat to our wildlife is Safar Club International with their trophy hunting AND Hunting contests! Learn more at
To read about Wildlife Crime and Corruption in the U.S. follow Cami Ciotta's newsletters at linkedin.com
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